The Importance of Glucose in Human's Body

In the Kreb's calendar method of birth control, each of the 3 degree centigrade atoms present in pyruvate generated by glycolysis leaves the mitochondrion as a molecule of carbon dioxide. A pair of electrons ar removed in the process and givered to NAD+ to nisus NADH + H+, and a pair of electrons are removed from FAD to picture FADH2. These electrons are transferred to the respiratory chain.

In a sequence of reactions in the Krebs cycle, pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl, which then combines with coenzyme A, and is delivered by this to oxaloacetate, which is a foursome-carbon compound constitute in mitochondria, and citric acid is formed (Devlin, 1997, 232; Anderson, 1999). The cycle runs twice, and by then the original glucose has been converted to six carbon dioxide molecules, and four ATP molecules have been gained, and no oxygen has been lost.

Oxidative phosphorylation alike takes place in the mitochondria, but on the membranes, and on the plasm membrane of prokaryotes (Anderson, 1999; Kimball, 2004). During the process, coenzymes NADH + H+ and FADH2 which have accumulated from the Krebs cycle transfer hydrogen atoms to components of the electron transfer chain (respiratory chain) in such a way that hydrogens and electrons are pumped across the inner(a) mitochondrial membrane and cause an electrochemical gradient which is used to phosphorylate adenosine diphosphate to ATP. This step is aided by NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase, and cytochrome c reductase, whic

Anderson, G. (1999). Cellular respiration.

Kimball, J. (2004). Cellular respiration.

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs during glycolysis when adenosine diphosphate receives a proton generated by the breaking of chemical bonds and becomes ATP. It occurs in the cell cytoplasm.

Electron- embark phosphorylation occurs on the inner membranes of the mitochondria during the oxidative phosphorylation reaction following the Kreb's cycle. The electron transport system transfers a proton down an electrochemical gradient to ADP to produce ATP.

Glycolysis can act as an emergency channel for many tissues of the body to yield energy in the form of 2 mol of ATP from I mol of glucose (Devlin, 1997, 269). In the human body, this can take place when the oxygen add to the tissue is shut off. In the presence of oxygen, the end produce of glycolysis is pyruvate instead of lactate, and pyruvate can then be oxidized to carbon dioxide and water. It may also be converted to lactate, or ethanol, or be converted to an acetyl group for processing during the Krebs cycle (Anderson, 1999). In aerobic respiration, oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor: anaerobic respiration uses many terminal electron receptors such as nitrate, sulfate, and carbonate, and many microbes use anaerobic respiration (Paustian, 2003).

h are integral membrane proteins, and two freely diffusible molecules - ubiquinone and cytochrome c. In the final step, electrons are transferred to oxygen, which i
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